Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

keeper.sh's calendar module version prior to 2.18.14 contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) guard bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to reach private network addresses by exploiting a DNS rebinding attack against the two-phase URL validation and connection flow. The SSRF guard validates a hostname's resolved IP addresses but discards them before the actual HTTP connection is opened, allowing an attacker who controls authoritative DNS to return a public address during validation and a private address during the subsequent independent socket-level DNS resolution, causing the guard to pass while the outbound connection reaches internal infrastructure such as cloud instance metadata endpoints.Show less

A vulnerability in Cisco Packaged Contact Center Enterprise (Packaged CCE) and Cisco Unified Contact Center Enterprise (Unified CCE) could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct server-side request forgery (SSRF) attacks through an affected device. This vulnerability is due to improper input validation for specific HTTP requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to send arbitrary network requests that are sourced from the affected device. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid user credentials on the affected device. Show less

Grav API Plugin is a RESTful API for Grav CMS that provides full headless access to your site's content. Prior to 1.0.6, the Grav API plugin WebhookController.php accepts webhook URLs after only FILTER_VALIDATE_URL syntax validation, and WebhookDispatcher.php initializes cURL without CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS or CURLOPT_REDIR_PROTOCOLS restrictions. An account with api.webhooks.write can submit file, dict, gopher, private-network, or link-local targets, retrieve local files and delivery response bodies, and pivot requests to internal services or cloud metadata endpoints. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.6.Show less

Gotenberg is a Docker-powered stateless API for PDF files. In 8.32.0 and earlier, the IsPublicIP function in pkg/gotenberg/outbound.go does not reject the 2002::/16 6to4 prefix, the 64:ff9b::/96 and 64:ff9b:1::/48 NAT64 prefixes, the fec0::/10 deprecated site-local prefix, Teredo, and other transition prefixes that can embed or route to non-public IPv4 destinations. The addr.Unmap operation only handles IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses, so a crafted DNS AAAA record can cause the outbound HTTP client to treat an address wrapping an internal destination such as 169.254.169.254 as public. An unauthenticated attacker can use a conversion route with WithDenyPrivateIPs enabled to reach cloud metadata services, and the Chromium URL conversion route can return the internal response as a PDF, potentially exposing cloud credentials. Exploitation requires a deployment whose host routes the relevant IPv6 prefix, such as a dual-stack or NAT64-enabled environment. This issue is fixed in version 8.33.0.Show less

Stigmem before 0.9.0a11 fails to validate the delivery_address parameter when creating webhook subscriptions, allowing authenticated users to specify internal loopback and private network destinations. Attackers can trigger matching fact-change events to cause the Stigmem server to issue server-side HTTP POST requests to internal services, enabling blind SSRF attacks against localhost and private network endpoints.Show less

ArcadeDB before 26.8.1 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the OpenCypher LOAD CSV implementation that fails to validate HTTP/HTTPS URLs. Authenticated attackers can craft LOAD CSV queries pointing to internal network addresses or cloud metadata endpoints to make the ArcadeDB server fetch and return sensitive data from restricted services.Show less

Dell OpenManage Enterprise, versions prior to 4.7.0, contains a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Information exposure.Show less

AIL Framework contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in its crawler submission functionality. A low-privileged authenticated user with access to the crawler interface can submit an arbitrary URL for crawling without adequate validation of the destination host. The crawler can therefore be instructed to make direct HTTP(S) requests to addresses that should not be reachable by application users, including loopback addresses, RFC1918 private networks, link-local addresses, and cloud metadata services such as 169.254.169.254. Manual crawler tasks bypass the existing domain blacklist because they are assigned a non-zero priority, and ordinary IP literals are classified as web targets and fetched directly rather than through Tor or another proxy. Consequently, an attacker can use the AIL server as a network pivot to access services available from the server's network context. Responses generated by these requests, including captured HTML, screenshots, and HAR data, can subsequently be accessed through the crawler interface. This makes the SSRF non-blind and may allow an attacker to disclose sensitive internal application data, service information, or cloud instance metadata and credentials. The patch introduces validation that resolves crawler destinations and rejects URLs resolving to non-global IP addresses, addressing localhost, private-network, and link-local targets.Show less

The Animation Addons for Elementor WordPress plugin before 2.7.2 does not validate a user-supplied value before using it to build the host of a server-side HTTP request, allowing unauthenticated users to make the site issue requests to internal hosts and read the responses back.Show less

Lemur manages TLS certificate creation. Prior to 1.9.3, _validate_acme_url enforced ACME_DIRECTORY_HOST_ALLOWLIST when an authority was created, but PUT /api/1/authorities/ passed options to lemur/authorities/service.py without applying the same check. A user holding an authority role could replace the stored acme_url with an internal service or instance-metadata URL such as 169.254.169.254. The next issuance operation loaded that value and passed it to ClientV2.get_directory, causing an outbound request from the Lemur backend. This bypassed the creation-time mitigation for CVE-2026-55166 and could expose internal services or cloud metadata. The fix revalidates acme_url whenever authority options are updated. This issue is fixed in version 1.9.3.Show less

Lemur manages TLS certificate creation. Prior to 1.9.3, an authority-role member could update acme_url through PUT /api/1/authorities/ without revalidation and direct setup_acme_client_no_retry to an attacker-controlled ACME server. ACME directory and order responses contain newNonce, newOrder, authorizations, and finalize URLs chosen by that server. The Lemur ClientV2 followed those URLs without requiring their host to match the configured directory host, allowing JWS-signed requests to internal services or cloud metadata endpoints. The issue required an ACME authority and a user authorized for that authority, but did not require global administrator privileges. The fix revalidates updates and introduces _PinnedClientNetwork to enforce a single allowed host for the complete ACME flow. This issue is fixed in version 1.9.3.Show less

FUXA is a web-based Process Visualization (SCADA/HMI/Dashboard) software. In 1.3.2 and earlier, the device-webapi-request Socket.IO handler in server/runtime/index.js permits an authenticated non-admin runtime user to control property.address, causing the FUXA server to issue an outbound HTTP or HTTPS request and return the response body to the requesting socket. The attacker can use the server as a read SSRF oracle against reachable internal services or cloud metadata endpoints, with impact depending on the FUXA host's deployment network. This issue is fixed in version 1.3.3.Show less

FUXA is a web-based Process Visualization (SCADA/HMI/Dashboard) software. Prior to 1.3.2, the DEVICE_WEBAPI_REQUEST and DEVICE_PROPERTY Socket.IO handlers in server/runtime/index.js omit isSocketWriteAuthorized and accept attacker-controlled property.address or endpoint connection data. A remote unauthenticated attacker can make server/runtime/devices/httprequest/index.js call axios.get against arbitrary HTTP or HTTPS destinations, connect to reachable OPC UA or ODBC services, and receive results through the corresponding Socket.IO event. This read SSRF oracle can expose cloud instance metadata, internal administrative services, industrial endpoints, and ODBC data reachable from the FUXA host, including when secureEnabled is true. This issue is fixed in version 1.3.2.Show less

Lemur manages TLS certificate creation. Prior to 1.9.3, _validate_revocation_url in lemur/certificates/verify.py checked the original CRL or OCSP URL but the later request could reach a different destination. The CRL requests.get call followed HTTP redirects without validating each Location target, so a public attacker-controlled URL could redirect to loopback, RFC1918, link-local, or instance-metadata addresses. Validation and connection also performed separate DNS resolutions, creating a time-of-check time-of-use window for DNS rebinding on both CRL and OCSP paths. An operator uploading a certificate through POST /api/1/certificates/upload could therefore induce blind internal requests despite the earlier mitigation. The fix disables redirects and pins validated addresses while preserving the correct Host value. This issue is fixed in version 1.9.3.Show less

Lemur manages TLS certificate creation. Prior to 1.9.2, authenticated users could influence an ACME authority acme_url without an effective server-side destination restriction and trigger AcmeHandler.setup_acme_client to make backend requests. An attacker could target cloud instance metadata or internal services from Lemur network context, potentially obtaining credentials available to the host. The advisory also identifies creator-equality authorization behavior that could preserve access to certificate key material after ownership or role changes, with insufficient export_private_key audit context to distinguish that access path. Together, the acme_url server-side request forgery and authorization weakness could expose cloud credentials and long-lived PKI private-key access. The fix adds ACME_DIRECTORY_HOST_ALLOWLIST validation and enriches key-export audit events with creator and current-owner context. This issue is fixed in version 1.9.2.Show less

Lemur manages TLS certificate creation. Prior to 1.9.2, lemur/certificates/verify.py accepted CRL Distribution Point and OCSP responder URLs from uploaded certificate extensions and used them in crl_verify and ocsp_verify without adequate destination validation. An authenticated operator could submit a certificate through POST /api/1/certificates/upload and cause verify_string to reach loopback, RFC1918, link-local, or instance-metadata destinations such as 169.254.169.254. The requests could probe internal services and create side effects from the Lemur host network position. The CRL path also used an unbounded cache, allowing attacker-controlled entries to persist and consume memory. The fix validates destinations, supports explicit trusted-host allowlists, and bounds the CRL cache. This issue is fixed in version 1.9.2.Show less

MobSF is a mobile application security testing tool used. Prior to 4.5.1, get_browsable_activities in mobsf/StaticAnalyzer/views/android/manifest_analysis.py validates only an Android manifest android:host value with valid_host before appending a separately supplied android:port to the URL fetched by _check_url, allowing an authenticated user to upload a crafted APK that makes requests to an attacker-selected nonstandard port at /.well-known/assetlinks.json. With an attacker-controlled hostname and DNS rebinding between validation and the requests.get connection, the request can reach an internal service, although redirects remain disabled and the path is fixed. This issue is fixed in version 4.5.1.Show less

MagicMirror² is an open source modular smart mirror platform. Prior to 2.37.0, the ADD_CALENDAR handler in defaultmodules/calendar/node_helper.js accepts an attacker-controlled URL, authentication data, and selfSignedCert setting through the unauthenticated Socket.IO namespace /calendar. The handler passes these fields to CalendarFetcher, causing a server-side request without SSRF validation and optionally disabling TLS verification. When the response is valid iCal, CALENDAR_EVENTS returns parsed event data to the attacker, allowing internal-service response data to be exfiltrated; other responses still provide a blind request and timing primitive. This issue is fixed in version 2.37.0.Show less

MagicMirror² is an open source modular smart mirror platform. Prior to 2.37.0, checkArticleUrl in defaultmodules/newsfeed/node_helper.js accepts the CHECK_ARTICLE_URL notification through the unauthenticated Socket.IO namespace /newsfeed and performs fetch(url, { method: "HEAD" }) without validating the attacker-controlled URL. The helper returns ARTICLE_URL_STATUS containing the URL and framing result, providing a response and timing oracle that can identify internal hosts and ports and trigger side effects on services that react to HEAD requests. This issue is fixed in version 2.37.0.Show less

The Apify MCP server enables AI agents to extract data from websites using ready-made scrapers, crawlers, and automation tools available on the Apify Store. Prior to 0.10.11, getActorMCPServerURL in src/mcp/actors.ts concatenates the trusted Actor standby URL with the attacker-controlled webServerMcpPath from an Actor definition without verifying the resulting origin, allowing a malicious Actor publisher to use a userinfo-style authority value to redirect connectMCPClient to a third-party host. The call-actor, fetch-actor-details, and actor-mcp tool-loading paths pass this URL to transports in src/mcp/client.ts that attach the victim Authorization bearer token, exposing the Apify API token and enabling access to Actors, stored data, and billable compute. A victim must invoke or inspect the attacker-controlled Actor. This issue is fixed in version 0.10.11.Show less