Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

The Management Console fails to properly validate input related to the configuration of JDBC user stores. This weakness allows an attacker to supply specially crafted input that can lead to the execution of arbitrary code on the affected server. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability enables an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server with the privileges of the WSO2 product. This could lead to a full compromise of the system.Show less

An issue was discovered on Tektronix 3 Series MDO devices before 1.21.1. An OS command injection vulnerability exists in the FILESystem:MOUNT:DRIve SCPI command handler. Insufficient neutralization of user-supplied input allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands with elevated privileges.Show less

Claude Agent SDK is a Python SDK for Claude Code. Prior to 0.2.121, the resume option is passed to the Claude CLI as a separate token without validation, so a dash-leading value is parsed as an independent CLI flag. An attacker can inject the --mcp-config flag to define a stdio MCP server, causing arbitrary command execution at CLI startup outside the SDK permission controls. The issue is exploitable when an application passes untrusted input as the session ID to resume. This issue is fixed in version 0.2.121.Show less

ZoneMinder is a free, open source closed-circuit television software application. Prior to 1.39.2, 1.38.2, and 1.36.40, ZoneMinder interpolates an unvalidated monitor Device field into shell commands in PHP and Perl control paths when an authenticated user with monitor-create or monitor-edit permission saves a Local monitor whose Device Path contains shell metacharacters and the monitor control or startup path runs. In this attack mechanism, the stored Device value reaches Perl qx() and backtick execution before zmdc.pl argument detainting, while separate PHP command paths use bypassable escapeshellcmd defenses. The attacker can execute arbitrary commands as the web server user. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.39.2, 1.38.2, and 1.36.40.Show less

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in Apache Kylin. Impact most to the kylin services that are directly exposed to public network, which is not common. In-house kylin deployments are mostly not impacted. This issue affects Apache Kylin: from 4.0.4 through 5.0.4. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 5.0.5, which fixes the issue.Show less

ZoneMinder is a free, open source closed-circuit television software application. Prior to 1.38.3, downloadEvents() manually wraps a monitor Name value in single quotes instead of using escapeshellarg() before placing it in shell commands when a user with monitor-create or monitor-edit permission stores a monitor Name containing shell metacharacters and a user with Events View permission exports that monitor's events. In this attack mechanism, the stored monitor Name reaches both the ffmpeg concatenation command and the tar or zip archive command and breaks out of manual quoting. Arbitrary commands execute as the web server user. This issue is fixed in version 1.38.3.Show less

ZoneMinder is a free, open source closed-circuit television software application. Prior to 1.38.3, the exportEvents() function concatenates the attacker-controlled exportFile request parameter into a shell command without neutralizing shell metacharacters when an authenticated user with View Events or View Snapshots permission submits an event export request with a crafted exportFile value, a valid CSRF token, and exportDetail enabled. The affected components are exportEvents(), exportFile, web/ajax/event.php, web/skins/classic/includes/export_functions.php. In this attack mechanism, the crafted exportFile value reaches the trailing directory argument of a tar or zip command executed by exec(). The attacker can execute arbitrary operating system commands as the web server user. This issue is fixed in version 1.38.3.Show less

SparkyFitness is a self-hosted, AI-powered health and fitness tracker for families. Prior to 1.6.0, the api/admin/backup/restore endpoint interpolates an uploaded filename into a shell command. An authenticated global administrator uploads a restore archive with a crafted filename. The administrator can supply a restore archive with a filename containing shell metacharacters. Successful exploitation can execute arbitrary operating-system commands with the server process privileges. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.0.Show less

Z.ai ZCode v3.11.2.6792 was discovered to automatically establish connections with MCP servers declared inside a repository's workspace configuration, possibly allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code via opening a crafted repository.Show less

Wheels CLI 4.0.0 through 4.1.1 insufficiently validates or escapes caller-supplied values and package contents. Deploy release/version/rollback values can execute shell commands on deploy hosts as the SSH user and on the CI runner during builds. Package removal and destroy paths can delete unintended files; package extraction can overwrite other vendor files; generator names can write outside the project or inject executable CFML into generated code. Inputs may originate from CI variables, branch names, packages or an AI agent using the CLI's MCP tools. Also relevant are unencoded display properties in generated scaffold show views since 4.1.0 and in generated admin views, permitting stored XSS, and stale process-ID handling in RustCFML server commands that can terminate an unrelated process. This is fixed in 4.1.2; existing affected generated views also require the documented edit.Show less

pfSense CE 2.7.0 through 2.9.0 contains a command injection vulnerability in services_captiveportal_hasync.php that allows users with only the Captive Portal HA privilege to execute commands as root. Attackers can set backwardsyncip to a malicious XMLRPC server returning connected_users with shell metacharacters in ip or mac fields, which captiveportal_load_pfctl passes unescaped to a pfctl shell command.Show less

pfSense CE 2.4.5 through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated WebGUI users with Advanced Admin Access privilege to execute commands as root via Login Protection settings. Attackers can submit sshguard threshold, block time, or detection time values containing newlines or $(...) that are written unvalidated to sshguard.conf and sourced as root on restart.Show less

Netgate pfSense CE 2.5.0 through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in openvpn.learn-address.sh that allows authenticated VPN clients to execute commands as the unbound user. Attackers can embed shell metacharacters in the certificate common name or username, which is interpolated unquoted into su -c strings, when DNS Resolver client registration is enabled.Show less

pfSense CE through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the OpenVPN openvpn.connect_async.sh script that allows authenticated VPN users to execute commands as root via crafted usernames. Attackers authenticated through RADIUS or LDAP can use usernames containing single quotes and shell metacharacters to break out of the eval'd pfctl anchor name on connect or disconnect.Show less

Netgate pfSense CE 2.7.0 through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users with Traffic Shaper Limiters privileges to execute root commands by tampering with the limiter number field. Attackers can submit a malicious hidden 'number' value when editing a limiter, then delete it so delete_queue() passes the unquoted value to dnctl via /bin/sh as root.Show less

Netgate pfSense CE through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users with Virtual IP edit privileges to execute commands as root by storing an unvalidated CARP VHID. Attackers can supply a VHID containing shell metacharacters that executes via interface_ipalias_configure() ifconfig calls or get_carp_interface_status() when CARP status is rendered.Show less

Netgate pfSense CE through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users with gateway edit privileges to execute commands as root by injecting shell metacharacters into an IPv6 link-local zone index. Attackers can set a gateway Monitor IP whose unvalidated zone carries a payload, which start_dpinger() passes unescaped to the dpinger shell command when monitoring is applied.Show less

Netgate pfSense CE through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users to execute commands as root by supplying a crafted wireless parent interface name. Attackers with limited Wireless Edit or Interface Assignments privileges can submit values like ath0;<cmd> via interfaces_wireless_edit.php or interfaces_assign.php, which interface_wireless_clone() interpolates unescaped into an ifconfig shell command.Show less

Netgate pfSense CE 2.7.0 through 2.9.0 contains an OS command injection vulnerability that allows authenticated users with QinQ edit privilege to run commands by storing an unvalidated parent interface name. Attackers can save a crafted 'if' value, then edit the QinQ entry so it is interpolated into ifconfig shell commands, executing commands as root.Show less

OpenPrinting CUPS is an open source printing system for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. Prior to 2.4.20, the backend/ipp.c quote_string() function preserves carriage-return and line-feed characters in a remote printer-controlled marker-message before report_attr() writes the value to the scheduler status stream. The scheduler can parse an injected newline as a separate PPD: control line and persist an attacker-selected PPD keyword. The reporter demonstrated that a later print job on a Foomatic-backed queue could consume an injected FoomaticRIPCommandLine value and execute in the filter context as lp. This issue is fixed in version 2.4.20.Show less