NULL Pointer Dereference

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/time: Remove redundant preempt_disable|enable() calls from arch_irq_work_raise() A kernel panic is observed when handling machine check exceptions from real mode. BUG: Unable to handle kernel data access on read at 0xc00000006be21300 Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1] MSR: 8000000000001003 <SF,ME,RI,LE> CR: 88222248 XER: 00000005 CFAR: c00000000003ffc4 DAR: c00000006be21300 DSISR: 40000000 IRQMASK: 0 NIP [c000000000029e40] arch_irq_work_raise+0x10/0x70 LR [c00000000003ffc8] machine_check_queue_event+0xa8/0x150 Call Trace: [c0000000179d3c70] [c00000000003ff64] machine_check_queue_event+0x44/0x150 [c0000000179d3d30] [c0000000000084e0] machine_check_early_common+0x1f0/0x2c0 The crash occurs because arch_irq_work_raise() calls preempt_disable() from machine check exception (MCE) handlers running in real mode. In this context, accessing the preempt_count can fault, leading to the panic. The preempt_disable()/preempt_enable() pair in arch_irq_work_raise() was originally added by commit 0fe1ac48bef0 ("powerpc/perf_event: Fix oops due to perf_event_do_pending call") to avoid races while raising irq work from exception context. Later, commit 471ba0e686cb ("irq_work: Do not raise an IPI when queueing work on the local CPU") added preemption protection in irq_work_queue() path, while commit 20b876918c06 ("irq_work: Use per cpu atomics instead of regular atomics") added equivalent protection in irq_work_queue_on() before reaching arch_irq_work_raise(): irq_work_queue() / irq_work_queue_on() -> preempt_disable() -> __irq_work_queue_local() -> irq_work_raise() -> arch_irq_work_raise() As a result, callers other than mce_irq_work_raise() already execute with preemption disabled, making the additional preempt_disable()/preempt_enable() pair in arch_irq_work_raise() redundant. The arch_irq_work_raise() function executes in NMI context when called from MCE handler. Hence we will not be preempted or scheduled out since we are in NMI context with MSR[EE]=0. Therefore, it is safe to remove the preempt_disable()/preempt_enable() calls from here. Remove it to avoid accessing preempt_count from real mode context. [Maddy: Fixed the commit title]Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mld: don't dereference a pointer before NULL checking it In iwl_mld_remove_link, the link->fw_id is saved at the beginning of the function so we have it after we freed the link. But the link pointer can be NULL, and is not checked when the fw_id is stored. Fix it by simply freeing the link at the end of the function. fFixes: 0e66a39f4f0e ("wifi: iwlwifi: fix potential use after free in iwl_mld_remove_link()")Show less

NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability in Apache NimBLE in LE Long Term Key Request event. This requires disabled asserts (otherwise assert would trigger before NULL dereference) and bogus (or misbehaving) controller, thus severity is low. This issue affects Apache NimBLE: through 1.9.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.10.0, which fixes the issue.Show less

A MongoDB server initiating an outbound TLS connection may terminate abnormally when processing a malformed OCSP response from a remote peer during the TLS handshake. OCSP stapling validation is enabled by default for outgoing TLS connections. Affected scenarios require the remote peer to hold a certificate issued by the cluster's trusted certificate authority, or for the connection to traverse an untrusted network path.Show less

A user with read-only privileges is able to craft an aggregation pipeline using the $linearFill window function operator with a specific sortBy expression type to cause the mongod process to terminate abnormally, resulting in denial of service. The issue stems from insufficient validation of sort specifications during execution.Show less

libheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. Versions prior to 1.22.0 crashes in the public C API `heif_image_handle_get_image_tiling()` when a malformed uncompressed HEIF image item has an associated `uncC` property but no associated `ispe` property. In debug builds this trips the `ispe && uncC` assertion in `ImageItem_uncompressed::get_heif_image_tiling()`. In a release/NDEBUG ASan build, the same file causes a null pointer read at address `0xa8`. Version 1.22.0 fixes the issue.Show less

The MCTP-over-I2C+GPIO target binding in Zephyr (subsys/pmci/mctp/mctp_i2c_gpio_target.c) processes pseudo-register writes from an I2C bus master byte-by-byte in mctp_i2c_gpio_target_write_received() without validating the order or the receive buffer. In the affected versions the MCTP_I2C_GPIO_RX_MSG_ADDR (data) handler dereferences and writes through b->rx_pkt without checking that the receive buffer was allocated: a controller that selects the data register and writes a byte without first sending the length register (which is what allocates the buffer) causes a write of an attacker-chosen byte through a NULL/unallocated mctp_pktbuf pointer (i.e. into a small attacker-advanceable offset above address 0), producing memory corruption or a hard fault. The same handler also performs a write-then-check bounds test, allowing a one-byte heap overflow at data[255] when more than 255 data bytes are sent. Because the I2C target callback is invoked with raw bytes supplied by whatever device is the bus master and the binding performs no authentication, a malicious or malfunctioning controller on the bus can trigger these without any prior protocol state, leading to memory corruption and/or denial of service on the target device. The vulnerable code was introduced when the I2C+GPIO target binding was added and shipped in Zephyr v4.3.0 and v4.4.0. The fix defers allocation to the first data byte with a NULL check, treats a missing length as a zero-sized packet rejected by libmctp, and moves the bounds check before the store.Show less

Capstone is a disassembly framework. Versions prior to 6.0.0-Alpha8 and 5.0.8 have a NULL pointer dereference in `modRMRequired()` and `decode()` when disassembling 3DNow! opcodes (`0F 0F`) in builds compiled with `-DCAPSTONE_X86_REDUCE`, allowing a remote attacker to crash any application using the reduced X86 Capstone library by supplying a crafted input containing the 4-byte sequence `0F 0F <modrm> <imm8>`. Versions 6.0.0-Alpha8 and 5.0.8 patch the issue.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: dualpi2: fix GSO backlog accounting When DualPI2 splits a GSO skb into N segments, it propagates N additional packets to its parent before returning NET_XMIT_SUCCESS. The parent then accounts for the original skb once more, leaving its qlen one larger than the number of packets actually queued. With QFQ as the parent, after all real packets are dequeued, QFQ still has a non-zero qlen while its in-service aggregate has no active classes. qfq_choose_next_agg() returns NULL and qfq_dequeue() passes the result to qfq_peek_skb(), causing a NULL pointer dereference. Follow the same pattern used by tbf_segment() and taprio: count only successfully queued segments, propagate the difference between the original skb and those segments, and return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS whenever at least one segment was queued.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Reject BPF_MAP_TYPE_INODE_STORAGE creation if BPF LSM is uninitialized When CONFIG_BPF_LSM=y is set, BPF inode storage maps (BPF_MAP_TYPE_INODE_STORAGE) are compiled into the kernel. However, if the BPF LSM is not explicitly enabled at boot time (e.g. omitted from the "lsm=" boot parameter), lsm_prepare() is never executed for the BPF LSM. Consequently, the BPF inode security blob offset (bpf_lsm_blob_sizes.lbs_inode) is never initialized and remains at its default compiled size of 8 bytes instead of being updated to a valid offset past the reserved struct rcu_head (typically 16 bytes or more). When a privileged user creates and updates a BPF_MAP_TYPE_INODE_STORAGE map, bpf_inode() evaluates inode->i_security + 8. This erroneously aliases the struct rcu_head.func callback pointer at the beginning of the inode->i_security blob. During subsequent map element cleanup or inode destruction, writing NULL to owner_storage clears the queued RCU callback pointer. When rcu_do_batch() later executes the queued callback, it attempts an instruction fetch at address 0x0, triggering an immediate kernel panic. Fix this by introducing a global bpf_lsm_initialized boolean flag marked with __ro_after_init. Set this flag to true inside bpf_lsm_init() when the LSM framework successfully registers the BPF LSM. Gate map allocation in inode_storage_map_alloc() on this flag, returning -EOPNOTSUPP if the BPF LSM is in turn uninitialized. This fail-fast approach prevents userspace from allocating inode storage maps when the supporting BPF LSM infrastructure is absent, avoiding zombie map states.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: team: fix NULL pointer dereference in team_xmit during mode change __team_change_mode() clears team->ops with memset() before restoring safe dummy handlers via team_adjust_ops(). A concurrent team_xmit() running under RCU on another CPU can read team->ops.transmit during this window and call a NULL function pointer, crashing the kernel. The race requires a mode change (CAP_NET_ADMIN) concurrent with transmit on the team device. BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 Oops: 0010 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:0x0 Call Trace: team_xmit (drivers/net/team/team_core.c:1853) dev_hard_start_xmit (net/core/dev.c:3904) __dev_queue_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4871) packet_sendmsg (net/packet/af_packet.c:3109) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2265) The original code assumed that no ports means no traffic, so mode changes could freely memset()/memcpy() the ops. AF_PACKET with forced carrier breaks that assumption. Prevent the race instead of making it safe: replace memset()/memcpy() with per-field updates that never touch transmit or receive. Those two handlers are managed solely by team_adjust_ops(), which already installs dummies when tx_en_port_count == 0 (always true during mode change since no ports are present). WRITE_ONCE/READ_ONCE prevent store/load tearing on the handler pointers. synchronize_net() before exit_op() drains in-flight readers that may still reference old mode state from before port removal switched the handlers to dummies.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfs: fail recovery on a committed log item with no regions If the first op of a transaction is a bare transaction header (len == sizeof(struct xfs_trans_header)), xlog_recover_add_to_trans() adds an item but no region, leaving it on r_itemq with ri_cnt == 0 and ri_buf == NULL. The header can be split across op records, so later ops may still add regions; the item is only invalid if the transaction commits with none. The runtime commit path never emits such a transaction, so this only happens on a crafted log. It came from an AI-assisted code audit of the recovery parser. xlog_recover_reorder_trans() calls ITEM_TYPE() on the item, which reads *(unsigned short *)item->ri_buf[0].iov_base and faults on the NULL ri_buf. Reject it there, before the commit handlers that also read ri_buf[0]. KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] RIP: 0010:xlog_recover_reorder_trans (fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c:1836) xlog_recover_commit_trans (fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c:2043) xlog_recover_process_data (fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c:2501) xlog_do_recovery_pass (fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c:3244) xlog_recover (fs/xfs/xfs_log_recover.c:3493) xfs_log_mount (fs/xfs/xfs_log.c:618) xfs_mountfs (fs/xfs/xfs_mount.c:1034) xfs_fs_fill_super (fs/xfs/xfs_super.c:1938) vfs_get_tree (fs/super.c:1695) path_mount (fs/namespace.c:4161) __x64_sys_mount (fs/namespace.c:4367)Show less

In nanomq versions 0.24.11 and earlier, a NULL pointer dereference in `properties_parse()` allows an authenticated attacker to crash the NanoMQ broker by sending a POST request to `/api/v4/mqtt/publish` with `user_properties` as a JSON array instead of a JSON object. The crash occurs because `strlen()` is called on a NULL `item->string` pointer when iterating over array elements. An authenticated attacker can exploit this to crash the NanoMQ broker process. This is patched in version 0.24.14.Show less

In nanomq versions 0.24.11 and earlier, a NULL pointer dereference in `nni_mqttv5_msg_decode_connect()` allows a malicious MQTT broker to crash any connecting NanoMQ MQTTv5 client (including bridge mode) with a single packet, causing remote denial of service via SIGSEGV. In `nni_mqttv5_msg_decode_connect()` (`mqtt_codec.c:1863`), the code iterates over CONNECT properties using variable `prop` when it should use `will_prop`. When a CONNECT packet has no connect-level properties (`prop == NULL`) but has will properties (`will_prop != NULL`), dereferencing `prop->next` causes SIGSEGV at address `0x38` (NULL + `offsetof(property, next)`). This affects both `nanomq_cli` and **NanoMQ bridge mode** (Core component), as both use the same `mqtt_client.c` receive path. This can lead to remote DoS if a malicious MQTT broker can crash the client process with a single 35-byte packet and persistent DoS if auto-reconnect causes infinite crash loop.Show less

SurrealDB before v2.6.1 (and before v3.0.0-beta.3) contains a denial of service vulnerability in its embedded JavaScript scripting engine, which is enabled via the --allow-scripting capability (disabled by default). Any user able to execute arbitrary queries — including unauthenticated guests when --allow-guests is enabled — can use built-in string functions to construct a large string and pass it to the JavaScript runtime for compilation, triggering a null pointer dereference in the underlying QuickJS-NG engine. This causes the server process to terminate immediately without graceful shutdown, requiring a manual restart. The issue was fixed by updating the rquickjs dependency from v0.9.0 to v0.11.0.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: efi: Allocate runtime workqueue before ACPI init Since commit 5894cf571e14 ("acpi/prmt: Use EFI runtime sandbox to invoke PRM handlers") ACPI PRM calls are delegated to a workqueue which runs in a kernel thread, making it easier to detect and mitigate faulting memory accesses performed by the firmware. Rafael reports that such PRM accesses may occur before efisubsys_init() executes, which is where the workqueue is allocated, leading to NULL pointer dereferences. Since acpi_init() [which triggers the early PRM accesses] executes as a subsys_initcall() as well, and has its own dependencies that may be sensitive to initcall ordering, deferring acpi_init() is not an option. So instead, split off the workqueue allocation into its own postcore initcall, as this is the only missing piece to allow EFI runtime calls to be made. This ensures that EFI runtime call (including PRM calls) are accessible to all code running at subsys_initcall() level.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: qup: fix error pointer deref after DMA setup failure The driver falls back to PIO mode if DMA setup fails during probe. Make sure to the clear the DMA channel pointers on setup failure to avoid dereferencing an error pointer (or attempting to release a channel a second time) on later probe errors or driver unbind. This issue was flagged by Sashiko when reviewing a devres allocation conversion patch.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: ep93xx: fix error pointer deref after DMA setup failure The driver falls back to PIO mode if DMA setup fails during probe. Make sure to the clear the DMA channel pointers on setup failure to avoid dereferencing an error pointer on later probe errors or driver unbind. This issue was flagged by Sashiko when reviewing a devres allocation conversion patch.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: sprd: fix error pointer deref after DMA setup failure The driver falls back to PIO mode if DMA setup fails during probe. Make sure to check the dma.enabled flag before trying to release the DMA channels also on late probe errors to avoid dereferencing an error pointer (or attempting to release a channel a second time). This issue was flagged by Sashiko when reviewing a devres allocation conversion patch.Show less