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CWE-441

201 CVEs • Abstraction: Class

Unintended Proxy or Intermediary ('Confused Deputy')

The product receives a request, message, or directive from an upstream component, but the product does not sufficiently preserve the original source of the request before forwarding the request to an external actor that is outside of the product's control sphere. This causes the product to appear to be the source of the request, leading it to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor.

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CVEs (201)

CVE
VENDORS
PRODUCTS
UPDATED
PUBLISHED
CVSS
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Sep 8, 2026
Aug 31, 2026
N/A· v4
8.2 HIGH· v3
N/A· v2
Wallos is an open-source, self-hostable personal subscription tracker. Prior to version 5.0.0, the fix for CVE-2026-33407 (GHSA-hhjq-82f8-m6rc, "SSRF via HTTP Proxy Environment Variable") hardened endpoints/logos/search....Show more
Wallos is an open-source, self-hostable personal subscription tracker. Prior to version 5.0.0, the fix for CVE-2026-33407 (GHSA-hhjq-82f8-m6rc, "SSRF via HTTP Proxy Environment Variable") hardened endpoints/logos/search.php by disabling cURL proxying (CURLOPT_PROXY = '' + CURLOPT_NOPROXY = '*'). However, Wallos ships a second, near-identical, unauthenticated logo-image search endpoint — endpoints/payments/search.php — that was not given the same hardening. It still passes the HTTP_PROXY/HTTPS_PROXY environment variable straight into CURLOPT_PROXY. This issue has been patched in version 5.0.0.Show less
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Aug 28, 2026
Aug 20, 2026
N/A· v4
9.9 CRITICAL· v3
N/A· v2
A flaw was found in the multicloud-operators-subscription component. This vulnerability allows a tenant, who has the ability to create HelmRelease custom resources (CRs), to bypass existing security controls. The system'...Show more
A flaw was found in the multicloud-operators-subscription component. This vulnerability allows a tenant, who has the ability to create HelmRelease custom resources (CRs), to bypass existing security controls. The system's HelmRelease controller processes Helm chart templates using its own elevated ServiceAccount privileges without proper validation. This enables the tenant to deploy arbitrary resources across the entire cluster, leading to a significant security compromise.Show less
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Oct 22, 2026
Aug 18, 2026
6.3 MEDIUM· v4
N/A· v3
N/A· v2
MagicMirror² is an open source modular smart mirror platform. Prior to 2.37.0, the ADD_CALENDAR handler in defaultmodules/calendar/node_helper.js accepts an attacker-controlled URL, authentication data, and selfSignedCer...Show more
MagicMirror² is an open source modular smart mirror platform. Prior to 2.37.0, the ADD_CALENDAR handler in defaultmodules/calendar/node_helper.js accepts an attacker-controlled URL, authentication data, and selfSignedCert setting through the unauthenticated Socket.IO namespace /calendar. The handler passes these fields to CalendarFetcher, causing a server-side request without SSRF validation and optionally disabling TLS verification. When the response is valid iCal, CALENDAR_EVENTS returns parsed event data to the attacker, allowing internal-service response data to be exfiltrated; other responses still provide a blind request and timing primitive. This issue is fixed in version 2.37.0.Show less
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Oct 23, 2026
Aug 17, 2026
N/A· v4
6.5 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. From 10.0.3 until 11.0.3, the Astro Vercel adapter in packages/integrations/vercel/src/serverless/entrypoint.ts accepts x_astro_path for the public /_isr function bas...Show more
Astro is a web framework for content-driven websites. From 10.0.3 until 11.0.3, the Astro Vercel adapter in packages/integrations/vercel/src/serverless/entrypoint.ts accepts x_astro_path for the public /_isr function based only on the x-vercel-isr header, allowing unauthenticated GET requests to render routes protected only by Vercel edge path rules or split edge middleware. This issue is fixed in 11.0.3.Show less
1Elastic
1Elastic Cloud On Kubernetes
Sep 3, 2026
Aug 13, 2026
N/A· v4
6.5 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
The Elastic Cloud on Kubernetes (ECK) operator reads a list of secret references from an annotation on secrets it manages, and it accepts the namespace recorded in each reference without validating that the reference is...Show more
The Elastic Cloud on Kubernetes (ECK) operator reads a list of secret references from an annotation on secrets it manages, and it accepts the namespace recorded in each reference without validating that the reference is authorized for the resource being reconciled. A user whose Kubernetes permissions are limited to their own namespace can write that annotation, trigger a reconcile, and cause the operator to use its cluster-wide secret permissions to copy the contents of a secret from any other namespace into a secret the user can read.Show less
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Sep 29, 2026
Aug 13, 2026
N/A· v4
7.1 HIGH· v3
N/A· v2
A flaw was found in the clusterclaims-controller component of Multicluster Engine (MCE). An authenticated tenant can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating ClusterClaim labels. This allows the tenant to force a clust...Show more
A flaw was found in the clusterclaims-controller component of Multicluster Engine (MCE). An authenticated tenant can exploit this vulnerability by manipulating ClusterClaim labels. This allows the tenant to force a cluster to join a ManagedClusterSet belonging to another tenant. Such unauthorized access could enable the injection of policies and workloads into other tenants' clusters.Show less
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Aug 27, 2026
Aug 12, 2026
N/A· v4
9.9 CRITICAL· v3
N/A· v2
A flaw was found in the multicloud-integrations component. The Application propagation controller processes the `ocm-managed-cluster` annotation from an Application Custom Resource (CR) without proper validation. A tenan...Show more
A flaw was found in the multicloud-integrations component. The Application propagation controller processes the `ocm-managed-cluster` annotation from an Application Custom Resource (CR) without proper validation. A tenant with permissions to create Applications on the hub cluster can exploit this to target arbitrary managed clusters. This can force ArgoCD on the spoke clusters to synchronize attacker-controlled manifests, leading to arbitrary code execution or privilege escalation on those clusters.Show less
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Aug 27, 2026
Aug 12, 2026
N/A· v4
9.6 CRITICAL· v3
N/A· v2
A flaw was found in multicloud-integrations, a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management (RHACM). This vulnerability allows an authenticated user, referred to as a tenant, to manipulate the GitOpsCluster controlle...Show more
A flaw was found in multicloud-integrations, a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management (RHACM). This vulnerability allows an authenticated user, referred to as a tenant, to manipulate the GitOpsCluster controller. By exploiting this, a tenant can redirect sensitive spoke cluster bearer tokens from secure locations to a namespace they control. This unauthorized access to tokens can lead to the disclosure of critical information and bypass security policies within ArgoCD AppProjects.Show less
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Sep 9, 2026
Aug 11, 2026
N/A· v4
8.5 HIGH· v3
N/A· v2
Sub2API is an AI API gateway platform designed to distribute and manage API quotas from AI product subscriptions. From 0.1.135, to 0.1.168, platform API keys issued to tenants are exchanged for upstream requests made wit...Show more
Sub2API is an AI API gateway platform designed to distribute and manage API quotas from AI product subscriptions. From 0.1.135, to 0.1.168, platform API keys issued to tenants are exchanged for upstream requests made with shared provider accounts (ChatGPT/Codex OAuth, OpenAI platform keys, or an operator-configured base URL) that belong to the operator, not to the caller. The `POST /responses/*subpath` wildcard routes spliced the client-supplied subpath into the upstream URL with no validation. This lets an authenticated tenant relay requests to arbitrary upstream endpoints using pooled account credentials via a path traversal. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.1.169.Show less
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Aug 14, 2026
Aug 10, 2026
N/A· v4
6.5 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
A flaw was found in the `odh-model-controller`. An authenticated user with permissions to create custom resources can exploit a vulnerability in the `loadSecret` function. This function improperly reads the Secret namesp...Show more
A flaw was found in the `odh-model-controller`. An authenticated user with permissions to create custom resources can exploit a vulnerability in the `loadSecret` function. This function improperly reads the Secret namespace from user-controlled input without validation. This allows an attacker to read sensitive API keys and cloud credentials from other namespaces, leading to information disclosure.Show less
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Sep 3, 2026
Aug 7, 2026
N/A· v4
6.5 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
In versions of the Datadog Android application prior to v545-5.9.2, OnCallNotificationActivity is declared exported with no permission guard. A co-installed application can launch it with attacker-controlled Intent extra...Show more
In versions of the Datadog Android application prior to v545-5.9.2, OnCallNotificationActivity is declared exported with no permission guard. A co-installed application can launch it with attacker-controlled Intent extras, including a full-screen lock-screen message, an arbitrary on-call page ID, and an arbitrary Intent to run inside the Datadog process. This requires: A malicious application co-installed on the victim's device. An active Datadog session in the Android app. Impact: After a single tap on the Acknowledge button, the app sends a forged on-call acknowledgement to the backend under the victim's session, launches the attacker-supplied Intent from within the Datadog process (reaching otherwise non-exported components), and turns on the screen while dismissing the keyguard.Show less
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Sep 1, 2026
Aug 5, 2026
N/A· v4
9.1 CRITICAL· v3
N/A· v2
A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Rancher's impersonation middleware (pkg/auth/requests/impersonate.go). An authenticated Rancher user with the default user global role can gain full administrative access t...Show more
A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Rancher's impersonation middleware (pkg/auth/requests/impersonate.go). An authenticated Rancher user with the default user global role can gain full administrative access to the Rancher control plane and transitively to all downstream clusters it manages. This issue affects Rancher: from 2.11.0 before 2.11.16, from 2.12.0 before 2.12.12, from 2.13.0 before 2.13.8, and from 2.14.0 before 2.14.2.Show less
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Jul 30, 2026
Jul 29, 2026
N/A· v4
6.1 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
swagger-typescript-api generates API clients for Fetch or Axios from OpenAPI specifications. Prior to 13.12.2, src/resolved-swagger-schema.ts warmUpRemoteSchemasCache resolves external $ref URLs and fetchRemoteSchemaDocu...Show more
swagger-typescript-api generates API clients for Fetch or Axios from OpenAPI specifications. Prior to 13.12.2, src/resolved-swagger-schema.ts warmUpRemoteSchemasCache resolves external $ref URLs and fetchRemoteSchemaDocument uses isHttpUrl to fetch any http or https target without private IP, redirect, DNS rebinding, or same-origin validation, allowing an attacker-controlled OpenAPI spec to make the generator issue requests to internal or link-local services. This issue is fixed in version 13.12.2.Show less
1Appium
1Java Client
Aug 7, 2026
Jul 28, 2026
N/A· v4
8.2 HIGH· v3
N/A· v2
Appium Java Client is the Java language binding for writing Appium tests that conform to the W3C WebDriver protocol. From 8.2.1 until 10.1.1, when directConnect(true) is enabled, AppiumCommandExecutor.setDirectConnect()...Show more
Appium Java Client is the Java language binding for writing Appium tests that conform to the W3C WebDriver protocol. From 8.2.1 until 10.1.1, when directConnect(true) is enabled, AppiumCommandExecutor.setDirectConnect() reads the directConnectHost, directConnectPort, and directConnectPath fields from the server's NEW_SESSION response and rebuilds the client's server URL from them, validating only that the protocol is https, with no host allowlist or IP validation; a rogue or compromised server can therefore redirect all subsequent session traffic to an arbitrary destination, enabling full interception of session traffic and a server-side request forgery pivot to internal hosts, including cloud metadata (IMDS) credential theft. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.1.1.Show less
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Sep 29, 2026
Jul 24, 2026
N/A· v4
8.5 HIGH· v3
N/A· v2
A flaw was found in the cluster-proxy service-proxy component used in Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes (RHACM) and multicluster-engine (MCE). The service-proxy appends impersonation group headers to pro...Show more
A flaw was found in the cluster-proxy service-proxy component used in Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes (RHACM) and multicluster-engine (MCE). The service-proxy appends impersonation group headers to proxied requests without first removing caller-supplied values, and the spoke ServiceAccount holds unrestricted impersonation permissions. An authenticated hub principal can inject an Impersonate-Group header to escalate to cluster-admin on every managed cluster.Show less
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Jul 27, 2026
Jul 23, 2026
10.0 CRITICAL· v4
10.0 CRITICAL· v3
N/A· v2
Pronetiqs IntraVUE versions 3.2.1a14 and prior have an unintended proxy or intermediary vulnerability which could allow an attacker to use an active proxy, which would bypass OT segmentation.
1Mongodb
1Mongodb
Aug 5, 2026
Jul 22, 2026
7.1 HIGH· v4
6.5 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
An authenticated user with write privileges on a Queryable Encryption-enabled collection may be able to modify internal encryption metadata fields that are intended to be server-controlled, by sending crafted write comma...Show more
An authenticated user with write privileges on a Queryable Encryption-enabled collection may be able to modify internal encryption metadata fields that are intended to be server-controlled, by sending crafted write commands through the mongos router on a sharded cluster. This can result in corruption of encrypted query correctness.Show less
1Sparkle Project
1Sparkle
Aug 5, 2026
Jul 21, 2026
N/A· v4
4.2 MEDIUM· v3
N/A· v2
Sparkle is a software update framework for macOS. In versions up to and including 2.9.1, `Autoupdate/AppInstaller.m`'s `shouldAcceptNewConnection:` only enforces `SUCodeSigningVerifier validateConnection:` before stage 1...Show more
Sparkle is a software update framework for macOS. In versions up to and including 2.9.1, `Autoupdate/AppInstaller.m`'s `shouldAcceptNewConnection:` only enforces `SUCodeSigningVerifier validateConnection:` before stage 1 completes. After `_performedStage1Installation = YES`, new connections to the registered Mach service `<bundleId>-spki` are accepted from any local process without team-ID or code-signing checks. As of time of publication, no known patched versions are available.Show less
1Fastify
1Fastify/reply From
Aug 5, 2026
Jul 18, 2026
N/A· v4
10.0 CRITICAL· v3
N/A· v2
Impact: @fastify/reply-from versions from 8.3.1 up to but not including 12.6.4 build the internal URL cache key by concatenating the destination and source path without a delimiter. Different destination and source pairs...Show more
Impact: @fastify/reply-from versions from 8.3.1 up to but not including 12.6.4 build the internal URL cache key by concatenating the destination and source path without a delimiter. Different destination and source pairs can therefore produce the same key while resolving to different upstream URLs. When getUpstream selects an upstream from request data, a URL cached for one upstream can be reused for a request intended for another upstream, causing cross-upstream data access and modification. The default configuration is affected. Setting disableCache to true prevents the behavior. Patches: upgrade to @fastify/reply-from 12.6.4. Workarounds: pass disableCache: true when registering the plugin.Show less
1Better Auth
1Better Auth
Jul 21, 2026
Jul 15, 2026
N/A· v4
7.7 HIGH· v3
N/A· v2
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, and in 1.6.14 and later when invitation IDs can be obtained outside the invited mailbox and requireEmailVerificationOnInvitation...Show more
Better Auth is an authentication and authorization library for TypeScript. Prior to 1.6.11, and in 1.6.14 and later when invitation IDs can be obtained outside the invited mailbox and requireEmailVerificationOnInvitation: true is not enabled, the organization plugin's acceptInvitation, rejectInvitation, getInvitation, and listUserInvitations recipient endpoints use session.user.email and an invitation ID without sufficient verified-email ownership proof, allowing a user with an unverified session for the invited email address to accept an organization invitation after obtaining the invitation ID. This issue is fixed for the original default behavior in version 1.6.11, while 1.6.14 restored compatibility for built-in opaque invitation IDs and leaves affected configurations requiring secure options.Show less