Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition

pam_usb provides hardware authentication for Linux using ordinary removable media. In versions prior to 0.9.2, a symlink race condition exists in per-device and per-user pad directory creation. pam_usb uses a check-then-act pattern: it calls lstat() to test for existence and then calls mkdir() separately to create the directory. A local attacker can win the race between these calls by replacing the target path with a symlink to a directory they control. If successful, one-time pad files may be written to an attacker-controlled location, potentially exposing future pad values before use or disrupting authentication. This issue has been fixed in version 0.9.2.Show less

Impact: Undici's HTTP/1.1 client is vulnerable to response queue poisoning on reused keep-alive sockets. An attacker-controlled upstream server can inject an unsolicited HTTP/1.1 response onto an idle socket after a request completes. When the client dispatches the next request on that socket, it associates the injected response with the new request, causing responses to be delivered to the wrong requests. This requires an attacker-controlled or compromised upstream HTTP/1.1 server and keep-alive connection reuse. Patches: Upgrade to undici v6.26.0, v7.28.0 or v8.5.0. Workarounds: Disable keep-alive connection reuse by setting keepAliveTimeout: 0 on the Client or Pool.Show less

A time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition was found in the abrt-dbus D-Bus service's SetElement method. Between dump directory creation and post-create event execution, any local user can call SetElement to write arbitrary text files into the root-owned dump directory, bypassing package validation and allowing crashes of unpackaged binaries to survive post-create processing.Show less

OpenClaw before 2026.5.27 contains a state mutation vulnerability in node pairing reconnection that allows paired nodes to confuse approval scope decisions. Attackers can exploit reconnection logic to restore or present broader node authority than intended, potentially bypassing approval restrictions.Show less

OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains a policy enforcement vulnerability in system.run safe-bin allowlist validation that allows shell expansion to modify command interpretation on POSIX nodes. Authenticated operators can exploit shell metacharacters in approved commands to read unintended node-local files and expose sensitive configuration data.Show less

OpenClaw before 2026.5.18 contains a command injection vulnerability where shell wrapper argv could change between approval and execution. Attackers can rebuild command arguments after allowlist approval to execute unapproved command shapes, potentially bypassing security controls.Show less

Kitty is a cross-platform GPU based terminal. In versions prior to 0.47.2, a local privilege escalation vulnerability exists in kitty's file transmission protocol where a child process running in the terminal can write to arbitrary files on the filesystem by exploiting a TOCTOU (Time-of-Check-Time-of-Use) race condition between symlink validation and file creation. The `os.open()` call used to create files does not use `O_NOFOLLOW`, allowing an attacker to create a symlink between the initial stat check and the actual file open, causing the write to follow the symlink to an arbitrary destination. Version 0.47.2 fixes the issue.Show less

Moby is an open source container framework. In Docker Engine prior to version 29.5.1, Docker Daemon versions 28.5.2 and prior, and Moby Daemon prior to version 2.0.0-beta.14, a race condition during docker cp mount setup allows a malicious container to redirect a bind mount target to an arbitrary host path, potentially overwriting host files or causing denial of service. This issue has been patched in Docker Engine version 29.5.1 and Moby Daemon version 2.0.0-beta.14.Show less

Moby is an open source container framework. In Docker Engine prior to version 29.5.1, Docker Daemon versions 28.5.2 and prior, and Moby Daemon prior to version 2.0.0-beta.14, a race condition during docker cp mount setup allows a malicious container to create empty files or directories at arbitrary absolute paths on the host filesystem. This issue has been patched in Docker Engine version 29.5.1 and Moby Daemon version 2.0.0-beta.14.Show less

A race condition in AbstractOAuthDataProvider allows concurrent requests using the same Refresh Token to bypass single-use semantics and generate multiple valid Access Tokens, when 'recycleRefreshTokens' is set to false. A leaked refresh token can be replayed concurrently by multiple attackers or threads. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.2 or 4.1.7, which fixes this issue.Show less

OpenClaw before 2026.5.12 contains a shell option parsing vulnerability that allows combined POSIX shell flags to bypass exec revalidation checks. Attackers can exploit this by using combined shell options to execute inline shell content without intended allowlist validation, potentially enabling unauthorized command execution when the affected feature is enabled.Show less

Slate Digital Connect 1.37.0 for macOS installs a privileged helper tool, com.slatedigital.connect.privileged.helper.tool, which exposes the XPC service com.slatedigital.connect.privileged.helper.tool2. The helper validates connecting XPC clients by obtaining the client's process identifier and using it to retrieve code-signing information for the process. This PID-based client validation is subject to a time-of-check time-of-use race condition because process identifiers can be reused. A local attacker can exploit PID reuse so that validation is performed against a trusted process instead of the original connecting process. This allows unauthorized access to privileged helper functionality and may lead to local privilege escalation.Show less

Hermes WebUI before version 0.51.303 contains a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability in the git_discard function within api/workspace_git.py that allows attackers to delete files outside the configured workspace boundary by replacing a validated path component with a symlink after validation but before deletion. Attackers can substitute a workspace-controlled path component with a symlink pointing to an external directory between the safe_resolve_ws() validation step and the subsequent Path.unlink() or shutil.rmtree() deletion call, causing the delete operation to follow the symlink and remove arbitrary files outside the workspace.Show less

Waves Central for macOS versions 13.0.9 through 16.5.5 contain a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the privileged helper service. The helper validates connecting XPC clients using the client process identifier (PID) to verify code-signing identity. Because process identifiers can be reused, a local attacker can exploit a race condition between the time a connection request is made and the time the helper performs validation, causing the helper to trust an attacker-controlled process. This allows the attacker to invoke privileged operations, resulting in arbitrary code execution as root. The issue is fixed in version 16.6.2.Show less

A vulnerability in the quarantine and restore workflow of the X-VPN macOS website versions 77.0 through 77.5 allow a local attacker to leverage a race condition and symlink manipulation to achieve privileged file corruption.Show less

Pterodactyl is a free, open-source game server management panel. Prior to version 1.12.3, the Pterodactyl Client API has a logic flaw that lets users bypass their assigned limits for database allocations. This happens because the database locking mechanism used in the controllers is totally broken and doesn't actually lock anything. Version 1.12.3 patches the issue.Show less