Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: gyro: mpu3050: Move iio_device_register() to correct location iio_device_register() should be at the end of the probe function to prevent race conditions. Place iio_device_register() at the end of the probe function and place iio_device_unregister() accordingly.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: comedi: dt2815: add hardware detection to prevent crash The dt2815 driver crashes when attached to I/O ports without actual hardware present. This occurs because syzkaller or users can attach the driver to arbitrary I/O addresses via COMEDI_DEVCONFIG ioctl. When no hardware exists at the specified port, inb() operations return 0xff (floating bus), but outb() operations can trigger page faults due to undefined behavior, especially under race conditions: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 000000007fffff90 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page RIP: 0010:dt2815_attach+0x6e0/0x1110 Add hardware detection by reading the status register before attempting any write operations. If the read returns 0xff, assume no hardware is present and fail the attach with -ENODEV. This prevents crashes from outb() operations on non-existent hardware.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: thermal: core: Address thermal zone removal races with resume Since thermal_zone_pm_complete() and thermal_zone_device_resume() re-initialize the poll_queue delayed work for the given thermal zone, the cancel_delayed_work_sync() in thermal_zone_device_unregister() may miss some already running work items and the thermal zone may be freed prematurely [1]. There are two failing scenarios that both start with running thermal_pm_notify_complete() right before invoking thermal_zone_device_unregister() for one of the thermal zones. In the first scenario, there is a work item already running for the given thermal zone when thermal_pm_notify_complete() calls thermal_zone_pm_complete() for that thermal zone and it continues to run when thermal_zone_device_unregister() starts. Since the poll_queue delayed work has been re-initialized by thermal_pm_notify_complete(), the running work item will be missed by the cancel_delayed_work_sync() in thermal_zone_device_unregister() and if it continues to run past the freeing of the thermal zone object, a use-after-free will occur. In the second scenario, thermal_zone_device_resume() queued up by thermal_pm_notify_complete() runs right after the thermal_zone_exit() called by thermal_zone_device_unregister() has returned. The poll_queue delayed work is re-initialized by it before cancel_delayed_work_sync() is called by thermal_zone_device_unregister(), so it may continue to run after the freeing of the thermal zone object, which also leads to a use-after-free. Address the first failing scenario by ensuring that no thermal work items will be running when thermal_pm_notify_complete() is called. For this purpose, first move the cancel_delayed_work() call from thermal_zone_pm_complete() to thermal_zone_pm_prepare() to prevent new work from entering the workqueue going forward. Next, switch over to using a dedicated workqueue for thermal events and update the code in thermal_pm_notify() to flush that workqueue after thermal_pm_notify_prepare() has returned which will take care of all leftover thermal work already on the workqueue (that leftover work would do nothing useful anyway because all of the thermal zones have been flagged as suspended). The second failing scenario is addressed by adding a tz->state check to thermal_zone_device_resume() to prevent it from re-initializing the poll_queue delayed work if the thermal zone is going away. Note that the above changes will also facilitate relocating the suspend and resume of thermal zones closer to the suspend and resume of devices, respectively.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: u_ether: Fix race between gether_disconnect and eth_stop A race condition between gether_disconnect() and eth_stop() leads to a NULL pointer dereference. Specifically, if eth_stop() is triggered concurrently while gether_disconnect() is tearing down the endpoints, eth_stop() attempts to access the cleared endpoint descriptor, causing the following NPE: Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference Call trace: __dwc3_gadget_ep_enable+0x60/0x788 dwc3_gadget_ep_enable+0x70/0xe4 usb_ep_enable+0x60/0x15c eth_stop+0xb8/0x108 Because eth_stop() crashes while holding the dev->lock, the thread running gether_disconnect() fails to acquire the same lock and spins forever, resulting in a hardlockup: Core - Debugging Information for Hardlockup core(7) Call trace: queued_spin_lock_slowpath+0x94/0x488 _raw_spin_lock+0x64/0x6c gether_disconnect+0x19c/0x1e8 ncm_set_alt+0x68/0x1a0 composite_setup+0x6a0/0xc50 The root cause is that the clearing of dev->port_usb in gether_disconnect() is delayed until the end of the function. Move the clearing of dev->port_usb to the very beginning of gether_disconnect() while holding dev->lock. This cuts off the link immediately, ensuring eth_stop() will see dev->port_usb as NULL and safely bail out.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/packet: fix TOCTOU race on mmap'd vnet_hdr in tpacket_snd() In tpacket_snd(), when PACKET_VNET_HDR is enabled, vnet_hdr points directly into the mmap'd TX ring buffer shared with userspace. The kernel validates the header via __packet_snd_vnet_parse() but then re-reads all fields later in virtio_net_hdr_to_skb(). A concurrent userspace thread can modify the vnet_hdr fields between validation and use, bypassing all safety checks. The non-TPACKET path (packet_snd()) already correctly copies vnet_hdr to a stack-local variable. All other vnet_hdr consumers in the kernel (tun.c, tap.c, virtio_net.c) also use stack copies. The TPACKET TX path is the only caller of virtio_net_hdr_to_skb() that reads directly from user-controlled shared memory. Fix this by copying vnet_hdr from the mmap'd ring buffer to a stack-local variable before validation and use, consistent with the approach used in packet_snd() and all other callers.Show less

Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. From version 4.0.0 to before version 4.14.4, Wazuh's server API brute-force protection for POST /security/user/authenticate can be bypassed by sending concurrent authentication requests. Although the configured threshold (max_login_attempts, default 50) is enforced correctly for sequential requests, a parallel burst allows significantly more failed login attempts to be processed before the IP block is applied. This enables an attacker to perform more password guesses than the configured policy intends (e.g., 100 attempts processed where 50 should be allowed). This issue has been patched in version 4.14.4.Show less

Race in MHTML in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.138 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to leak cross-origin data via a crafted Chrome Extension. (Chromium security severity: High)Show less

OpenClaw before 2026.4.4 contains a race condition vulnerability in shared-secret authentication that allows concurrent asynchronous requests to bypass the per-key rate-limit budget. Attackers can exploit this by sending multiple simultaneous authentication attempts to circumvent intended rate-limiting protections on Tailscale-capable paths.Show less

Successful exploitation of the race condition vulnerability could allow an attacker to trigger a kernel heap overflow, potentially leading to local privilege escalation and granting system-level access to the affected software.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: defer tunnel netdev_put to RCU release ovs_netdev_tunnel_destroy() may run after NETDEV_UNREGISTER already detached the device. Dropping the netdev reference in destroy can race with concurrent readers that still observe vport->dev. Do not release vport->dev in ovs_netdev_tunnel_destroy(). Instead, let vport_netdev_free() drop the reference from the RCU callback, matching the non-tunnel destroy path and avoiding additional synchronization under RTNL.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: only handle RESPONSE during service challenge Only process RESPONSE packets while the service connection is still in RXRPC_CONN_SERVICE_CHALLENGING. Check that state under state_lock before running response verification and security initialization, then use a local secured flag to decide whether to queue the secured-connection work after the state transition. This keeps duplicate or late RESPONSE packets from re-running the setup path and removes the unlocked post-transition state test.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: af_unix: read UNIX_DIAG_VFS data under unix_state_lock Exact UNIX diag lookups hold a reference to the socket, but not to u->path. Meanwhile, unix_release_sock() clears u->path under unix_state_lock() and drops the path reference after unlocking. Read the inode and device numbers for UNIX_DIAG_VFS while holding unix_state_lock(), then emit the netlink attribute after dropping the lock. This keeps the VFS data stable while the reply is being built.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: uinput - fix circular locking dependency with ff-core A lockdep circular locking dependency warning can be triggered reproducibly when using a force-feedback gamepad with uinput (for example, playing ELDEN RING under Wine with a Flydigi Vader 5 controller): ff->mutex -> udev->mutex -> input_mutex -> dev->mutex -> ff->mutex The cycle is caused by four lock acquisition paths: 1. ff upload: input_ff_upload() holds ff->mutex and calls uinput_dev_upload_effect() -> uinput_request_submit() -> uinput_request_send(), which acquires udev->mutex. 2. device create: uinput_ioctl_handler() holds udev->mutex and calls uinput_create_device() -> input_register_device(), which acquires input_mutex. 3. device register: input_register_device() holds input_mutex and calls kbd_connect() -> input_register_handle(), which acquires dev->mutex. 4. evdev release: evdev_release() calls input_flush_device() under dev->mutex, which calls input_ff_flush() acquiring ff->mutex. Fix this by introducing a new state_lock spinlock to protect udev->state and udev->dev access in uinput_request_send() instead of acquiring udev->mutex. The function only needs to atomically check device state and queue an input event into the ring buffer via uinput_dev_event() -- both operations are safe under a spinlock (ktime_get_ts64() and wake_up_interruptible() do not sleep). This breaks the ff->mutex -> udev->mutex link since a spinlock is a leaf in the lock ordering and cannot form cycles with mutexes. To keep state transitions visible to uinput_request_send(), protect writes to udev->state in uinput_create_device() and uinput_destroy_device() with the same state_lock spinlock. Additionally, move init_completion(&request->done) from uinput_request_send() to uinput_request_submit() before uinput_request_reserve_slot(). Once the slot is allocated, uinput_flush_requests() may call complete() on it at any time from the destroy path, so the completion must be initialised before the request becomes visible. Lock ordering after the fix: ff->mutex -> state_lock (spinlock, leaf) udev->mutex -> state_lock (spinlock, leaf) udev->mutex -> input_mutex -> dev->mutex -> ff->mutex (no back-edge)Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/i915/gt: fix refcount underflow in intel_engine_park_heartbeat A use-after-free / refcount underflow is possible when the heartbeat worker and intel_engine_park_heartbeat() race to release the same engine->heartbeat.systole request. The heartbeat worker reads engine->heartbeat.systole and calls i915_request_put() on it when the request is complete, but clears the pointer in a separate, non-atomic step. Concurrently, a request retirement on another CPU can drop the engine wakeref to zero, triggering __engine_park() -> intel_engine_park_heartbeat(). If the heartbeat timer is pending at that point, cancel_delayed_work() returns true and intel_engine_park_heartbeat() reads the stale non-NULL systole pointer and calls i915_request_put() on it again, causing a refcount underflow: ``` <4> [487.221889] Workqueue: i915-unordered engine_retire [i915] <4> [487.222640] RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x68/0xb0 ... <4> [487.222707] Call Trace: <4> [487.222711] <TASK> <4> [487.222716] intel_engine_park_heartbeat.part.0+0x6f/0x80 [i915] <4> [487.223115] intel_engine_park_heartbeat+0x25/0x40 [i915] <4> [487.223566] __engine_park+0xb9/0x650 [i915] <4> [487.223973] ____intel_wakeref_put_last+0x2e/0xb0 [i915] <4> [487.224408] __intel_wakeref_put_last+0x72/0x90 [i915] <4> [487.224797] intel_context_exit_engine+0x7c/0x80 [i915] <4> [487.225238] intel_context_exit+0xf1/0x1b0 [i915] <4> [487.225695] i915_request_retire.part.0+0x1b9/0x530 [i915] <4> [487.226178] i915_request_retire+0x1c/0x40 [i915] <4> [487.226625] engine_retire+0x122/0x180 [i915] <4> [487.227037] process_one_work+0x239/0x760 <4> [487.227060] worker_thread+0x200/0x3f0 <4> [487.227068] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 <4> [487.227075] kthread+0x10d/0x150 <4> [487.227083] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 <4> [487.227092] ret_from_fork+0x3d4/0x480 <4> [487.227099] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 <4> [487.227107] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 <4> [487.227141] </TASK> ``` Fix this by replacing the non-atomic pointer read + separate clear with xchg() in both racing paths. xchg() is a single indivisible hardware instruction that atomically reads the old pointer and writes NULL. This guarantees only one of the two concurrent callers obtains the non-NULL pointer and performs the put, the other gets NULL and skips it. (cherry picked from commit 13238dc0ee4f9ab8dafa2cca7295736191ae2f42)Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ocfs2: fix possible deadlock between unlink and dio_end_io_write ocfs2_unlink takes orphan dir inode_lock first and then ip_alloc_sem, while in ocfs2_dio_end_io_write, it acquires these locks in reverse order. This creates an ABBA lock ordering violation on lock classes ocfs2_sysfile_lock_key[ORPHAN_DIR_SYSTEM_INODE] and ocfs2_file_ip_alloc_sem_key. Lock Chain #0 (orphan dir inode_lock -> ip_alloc_sem): ocfs2_unlink ocfs2_prepare_orphan_dir ocfs2_lookup_lock_orphan_dir inode_lock(orphan_dir_inode) <- lock A __ocfs2_prepare_orphan_dir ocfs2_prepare_dir_for_insert ocfs2_extend_dir ocfs2_expand_inline_dir down_write(&oi->ip_alloc_sem) <- Lock B Lock Chain #1 (ip_alloc_sem -> orphan dir inode_lock): ocfs2_dio_end_io_write down_write(&oi->ip_alloc_sem) <- Lock B ocfs2_del_inode_from_orphan() inode_lock(orphan_dir_inode) <- Lock A Deadlock Scenario: CPU0 (unlink) CPU1 (dio_end_io_write) ------ ------ inode_lock(orphan_dir_inode) down_write(ip_alloc_sem) down_write(ip_alloc_sem) inode_lock(orphan_dir_inode) Since ip_alloc_sem is to protect allocation changes, which is unrelated with operations in ocfs2_del_inode_from_orphan. So move ocfs2_del_inode_from_orphan out of ip_alloc_sem to fix the deadlock.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: i2c: designware: amdisp: Fix resume-probe race condition issue Identified resume-probe race condition in kernel v7.0 with the commit 38fa29b01a6a ("i2c: designware: Combine the init functions"),but this issue existed from the beginning though not detected. The amdisp i2c device requires ISP to be in power-on state for probe to succeed. To meet this requirement, this device is added to genpd to control ISP power using runtime PM. The pm_runtime_get_sync() called before i2c_dw_probe() triggers PM resume, which powers on ISP and also invokes the amdisp i2c runtime resume before the probe completes resulting in this race condition and a NULL dereferencing issue in v7.0 Fix this race condition by using the genpd APIs directly during probe: - Call dev_pm_genpd_resume() to Power ON ISP before probe - Call dev_pm_genpd_suspend() to Power OFF ISP after probe - Set the device to suspended state with pm_runtime_set_suspended() - Enable runtime PM only after the device is fully initializedShow less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: cancel pmsr_free_wk in cfg80211_pmsr_wdev_down When the nl80211 socket that originated a PMSR request is closed, cfg80211_release_pmsr() sets the request's nl_portid to zero and schedules pmsr_free_wk to process the abort asynchronously. If the interface is concurrently torn down before that work runs, cfg80211_pmsr_wdev_down() calls cfg80211_pmsr_process_abort() directly. However, the already- scheduled pmsr_free_wk work item remains pending and may run after the interface has been removed from the driver. This could cause the driver's abort_pmsr callback to operate on a torn-down interface, leading to undefined behavior and potential crashes. Cancel pmsr_free_wk synchronously in cfg80211_pmsr_wdev_down() before calling cfg80211_pmsr_process_abort(). This ensures any pending or in-progress work is drained before interface teardown proceeds, preventing the work from invoking the driver abort callback after the interface is gone.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: smbdirect: introduce smbdirect_socket.recv_io.credits.available The logic off managing recv credits by counting posted recv_io and granted credits is racy. That's because the peer might already consumed a credit, but between receiving the incoming recv at the hardware and processing the completion in the 'recv_done' functions we likely have a window where we grant credits, which don't really exist. So we better have a decicated counter for the available credits, which will be incremented when we posted new recv buffers and drained when we grant the credits to the peer.Show less

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: prevent policy_hthresh.work from racing with netns teardown A XFRM_MSG_NEWSPDINFO request can queue the per-net work item policy_hthresh.work onto the system workqueue. The queued callback, xfrm_hash_rebuild(), retrieves the enclosing struct net via container_of(). If the net namespace is torn down before that work runs, the associated struct net may already have been freed, and xfrm_hash_rebuild() may then dereference stale memory. xfrm_policy_fini() already flushes policy_hash_work during teardown, but it does not synchronize policy_hthresh.work. Synchronize policy_hthresh.work in xfrm_policy_fini() as well, so the queued work cannot outlive the net namespace teardown and access a freed struct net.Show less