Reliance on Reverse DNS Resolution for a Security-Critical Action

Pydantic AI is a Python agent framework for building applications and workflows with Generative AI. From 1.34.0 until 2.30.0, the Agent.to_web() and clai web development chat server does not validate the Host header, allowing a website visited by a developer to use DNS rebinding to reach a loopback-hosted agent as a same-origin service. The hostile page can read the served UI and submit chat requests that execute agent tools with the local process's privileges and credentials, causing data disclosure or unwanted side effects. Binding to localhost, Origin checks, and CSRF tokens do not prevent the same-origin DNS rebinding path. This issue is fixed in versions 1.107.5 and 2.30.0.Show less

Rojo's "rojo serve" HTTP API (default port 34872) has no Host/Origin header validation, making it vulnerable to DNS rebinding. A malicious webpage can read all project source, write malicious code to files on disk, and launch local programs via opener::open() with no user interaction beyond visiting the page.Show less

Chartbrew is an open-source web application that can connect directly to databases and APIs and use the data to create charts. Prior to 5.2.2, Chartbrew's server/modules/safeRequest.js calls validateOutboundUrl() to resolve and validate a target hostname, but request-promise performs a separate DNS resolution for the actual connection. An authenticated user who can create or test API connections and controls the target DNS name can return a public address during validation and a private address during the request, bypassing the protections implemented by server/modules/outboundTargetPolicy.js. This DNS rebinding condition can expose internal services, localhost resources, or cloud metadata endpoints. This issue is fixed in version 5.2.2.Show less

`@zereight/mcp-gitlab` is a Model Context Protocol server for GitLab. Versions prior to 2.1.30 expose the Streamable HTTP MCP endpoint without an effective Host or Origin allowlist. A malicious web page can use DNS rebinding to route browser requests to a victim's local MCP listener while preserving an attacker-controlled `Host` and `Origin`. The server accepts those headers and reaches the MCP initialization path instead of rejecting the request at the HTTP boundary. Version 2.1.30 contains a patch.Show less

ContextForge is an AI gateway, registry, and proxy that provides centralized discovery, guardrails, and management for MCP, A2A, and REST or gRPC APIs. Prior to 1.0.3, the /admin/gateways/test call site in mcpgateway/admin.py calls validate_gateway_test_url() in mcpgateway/common/validators.py to resolve and reject private, loopback, link-local, and cloud-metadata addresses, but ResilientHttpClient later resolves the original hostname again without binding the validated address. When MCPGATEWAY_ADMIN_API_ENABLED is enabled, an attacker with a database-backed role containing explicit gateways.read permission can use DNS rebinding to return a public address during validation and a private or metadata address during connection, bypassing ssrf_blocked_networks and ssrf_dns_fail_closed because those controls apply only to the validation-time result. The endpoint's allow_admin_bypass=False setting means a bootstrap-only virtual platform-admin identity without a database role is not sufficient. Successful exploitation can reach internal services and cloud metadata, expose cloud credentials, access internal APIs, or probe internal network ports. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.3.Show less

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to praisonaiagents 1.6.59, ToolsMCPServer.run_sse and launch_tools_mcp_server bind to 0.0.0.0 and create /sse and /messages/ routes without invoking the available SecurityConfig authentication, origin-validation, or DNS-rebinding controls. Any reachable client can list and invoke registered tools, and a browser can target a local instance through DNS rebinding, with impact determined by the registered file, shell, and code-execution tools. This vulnerability is fixed in praisonaiagents 1.6.59.Show less

PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to praisonaiagents 1.6.58, spider_tools._host_is_blocked() does not resolve ordinary hostnames before scrape_page fetches them. A hostname such as 127.0.0.1.nip.io passes validation and resolves to loopback, permitting internal HTTP access. The fix uses socket.getaddrinfo and fails closed on DNS errors. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.58.Show less

Grav before 3.9.2 fails to validate untrusted Host headers in the sendInvitationEmail() function when constructing token-bearing invitation links. Attackers can manipulate the Host header to poison invitation links and redirect users to attacker-controlled domains, bypassing the require_trusted_host protection which only covers password reset flows.Show less

BunkerWeb is an open-source, next-generation Web Application Firewall. Prior to 1.6.13, the blacklist, greylist, and antibot modules in src/common/core/blacklist/blacklist.lua, src/common/core/greylist/greylist.lua, and src/common/core/antibot/antibot.lua trust PTR suffix matches in IGNORE_RDNS, GREYLIST_RDNS, and ANTIBOT_IGNORE_RDNS without using get_ips to confirm that the hostname resolves to the client address. An unauthenticated remote attacker who controls a PTR record can spoof a trusted suffix to bypass rDNS-based blacklisting, gain greylist treatment, or skip an antibot challenge. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.13.Show less

MCP Ruby SDK is the official Ruby SDK for Model Context Protocol servers and clients. Prior to 0.23.0, MCP::Server::Transports::StreamableHTTPTransport in the mcp gem does not validate the HTTP Host or Origin request headers, which allows a malicious browser page to use DNS rebinding to reach a locally running MCP server and invoke exposed tools. This issue is fixed in version 0.23.0.Show less

datamodel-code-generator generates Pydantic v2 models, dataclasses, TypedDict, and msgspec.Struct from OpenAPI, JSON Schema, GraphQL, Avro, Protobuf, and raw JSON, YAML, or CSV. Prior to 0.63.0, datamodel-code-generator validates a URL host once in src/datamodel_code_generator/http.py through get_body, _validate_url_for_fetch, and _get_ips_from_host, but then lets httpx resolve the host again for the connection, allowing DNS rebinding to bypass allow_private_network=False and reach internal services. This issue is fixed in version 0.63.0.Show less

Glances is an open-source system cross-platform monitoring tool. Prior to 4.5.5, the Glances XML-RPC server (glances -s, implemented in glances/server.py) does not validate the HTTP Host header, leaving it vulnerable to DNS rebinding attacks. An attacker can exploit DNS rebinding to exfiltrate the full system monitoring dataset from a victim's browser. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.5.Show less

GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 8.3 before 18.11.6, 19.0 before 19.0.3, and 19.1 before 19.1.1 that under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user with maintainer-role permissions to make requests to internal network resources through mirror synchronization due to improper URL validation.Show less

Mercusys AC12G (EU) V1 router with firmware AC12G(EU)_V1_200909 does not validate the HTTP Host header, enabling DNS rebinding attacks. An external attacker can rebind a domain to the router's internal IP address, extending the CORS wildcard vulnerability (Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *) to internet-originated attacks.Show less

RMCP is an official Rust SDK for the Model Context Protocol. Prior to version 1.4.0, the rmcp crate's Streamable HTTP server transport (crates/rmcp/src/transport/streamable_http_server/) did not validate the incoming Host header. This allowed a malicious public website, via a DNS rebinding attack, to send authenticated requests to an MCP server running on the victim's loopback or private-network interface. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.4.0.Show less

A vulnerability was determined in ericc-ch copilot-api up to 0.7.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /token of the component Header Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument Host can lead to reliance on reverse dns resolution. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.Show less

Jenkins 2.442 through 2.554 (both inclusive), LTS 2.426.3 through LTS 2.541.2 (both inclusive) performs origin validation of requests made through the CLI WebSocket endpoint by computing the expected origin for comparison using the Host or X-Forwarded-Host HTTP request headers, making it vulnerable to DNS rebinding attacks that allow bypassing origin validation.Show less

Hostname verification in Apache ZooKeeper ZKTrustManager falls back to reverse DNS (PTR) when IP SAN validation fails, allowing attackers who control or spoof PTR records to impersonate ZooKeeper servers or clients with a valid certificate for the PTR name. It's important to note that attacker must present a certificate which is trusted by ZKTrustManager which makes the attack vector harder to exploit. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.6 or 3.9.5, which fixes this issue by introducing a new configuration option to disable reverse DNS lookup in client and quorum protocols.Show less

Kiteworks is a private data network (PDN). Prior to version 9.2.0, a vulnerability in Kiteworks configuration functionality allows bypassing of SSRF protections through DNS rebinding attacks. Malicious administrators could exploit this to access internal services that should be restricted. Version 9.2.0 contains a patch for the issue.Show less

The Spam protection, Anti-Spam, FireWall by CleanTalk plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized Arbitrary Plugin Installation due to an authorization bypass via reverse DNS (PTR record) spoofing on the 'checkWithoutToken' function in all versions up to, and including, 6.71. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to install and activate arbitrary plugins which can be leveraged to achieve remote code execution if another vulnerable plugin is installed and activated. Note: This is only exploitable on sites with an invalid API key.Show less