Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

WhatsApp MCP Server is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for WhatsApp, enabling Claude to read and send WhatsApp messages. Prior to version 0.2.1, the `whatsapp-bridge` HTTP API listens on `127.0.0.1:8080` without authentication and without Host header validation, and the `/api/send` endpoint accepts an absolute `media_path` parameter without confining it to a safe directory. Combined, these issues allow any local process running as the same user as the bridge to send WhatsApp messages from the paired account without authorization; the same caller to read arbitrary files readable by the user (e.g. SSH private keys, browser session data, source code, dotfiles) and exfiltrate them as WhatsApp document attachments; and/or a remote attacker to trigger the same operations via DNS rebinding from a webpage the user visits, since no Host header validation is performed. In MCP environments, "local caller" extends beyond processes the user explicitly launched — sibling MCP servers, IDE extensions, and tool-triggered flows running in the user's session can act as the effective caller. This issue is fixed in whatsapp-mcp v0.2.1 and corresponding Docker images / release artifacts. Users should upgrade immediately. The fix introduces bearer token authentication on the bridge HTTP API (configured via environment variable, required on all requests, validated with constant-time comparison); host header allow-list validation to prevent DNS rebinding; and confinement of `media_path` to a configured directory, with rejection of absolute paths outside the root and path traversal sequences. This is a breaking change for clients of the bridge API. For users who cannot immediately upgrade: Stop the bridge, or block loopback access to port 8080, when the bridge is not actively in use; avoid running the bridge alongside untrusted MCP servers, browser extensions, or other untrusted local processes; avoid browsing untrusted sites while the bridge is running (DNS rebinding mitigation); and/or run the bridge under a dedicated user account or in a sandbox/container with no access to sensitive files.Show less

dataCycle is a data management system for centrally storing, managing, searching, finding, and distributing data. In dataCycle-CORE, the module handling core processing and framework rules, before and including version 25.07.3, the documentation and static markdown renderer accepts attacker-controlled path segments and only runs them through the Rails HTML sanitizer, which does not remove directory traversal sequences. An unauthenticated attacker can traverse out of the intended `docs` or `static` directories and render arbitrary `.md` files from the application root or engine root. This is patched in version 26.06.08.Show less

Rust OneNote File Parser is a parser for Microsoft OneNote files implemented in Rust. Prior to version 1.1.1, a maliciously crafted `.onetoc2` table-of-contents file can cause `Parser::parse_notebook` to open arbitrary files on the host filesystem outside the notebook's directory. The parser reads entry names listed inside the `.onetoc2` and joins them against the notebook's base directory without validating that they are relative paths confined to that directory. The parser will bail out when the target file fails to parse as a OneNote section, so direct content exfiltration through the parser's return value is not practical, though file-existence probing and denial-of-service via large or special files remain possible. Anyone using `onenote_parser` to parse .onetoc2 files received from untrusted sources is affected. Users who only ever parse their own notebooks are not at meaningful risk. The issue is fixed in onenote_parser 1.1.1. The fix rejects absolute paths, parent-directory components, and other invalid path characters in entry names, and additionally canonicalises the resolved path to confirm it stays inside the notebook's base directory. For users who cannot upgrade to 1.1.1, only call `Parser::parse_notebook` on `.onetoc2` files from trusted sources. Alternatively, use `Parser::parse_section` / `Parser::parse_section_buffer` on individual .one files, which do not perform the directory walk.Show less

Mailpit is an email testing tool and API for developers. Prior to version 1.30.0, the mailpit dump --http <base-url> <out-dir> sub-command downloads every message from a remote Mailpit instance and writes each one as <id>.eml inside the user-supplied output directory. The message ID field is taken verbatim from the JSON response of the remote server and concatenated into the output path with path.Join, which silently normalizes `..` segments. A malicious HTTP server impersonating Mailpit can therefore make mailpit dump write attacker-controlled bytes to any path the running user can write, fully outside the intended output directory. Version 1.30.0 contains a patch.Show less

FileBrowser Quantum is a free, self-hosted, web-based file manager. Prior to version 1.4.3-beta, the `subtitlesHandler` endpoint (`GET /api/media/subtitles`) accepts two user-controlled query parameters: `path` and `name`, both of which are used in filesystem operations without sanitization, creating two independent path traversal vectors. The primary vector is the `path` parameter: it is passed directly to `idx.GetRealPath()` without calling `SanitizeUserPath()`, allowing an attacker to escape the storage root and set `parentDir` to any directory on the host. No existing anchor file is required. The secondary vector is the `name` parameter: it is joined with `parentDir` via `filepath.Join(parentDir, name)` without stripping directory components, allowing traversal relative to any resolved `parentDir`. Any authenticated user (regardless of role or permissions) can exploit either vector to read any text file readable by the server process, including `/etc/passwd`, SSH keys, database credentials, and JWT signing keys. Version 1.4.3-beta patches the issue.Show less

Directory Traversal vulnerability in Menyoo 2.0 Versions before commit 729aa48: fixed in commit 729aa48 allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the Spooner file management, VehicleSpawner save/folder/rename functionality, WeaponOptions save/folder/rename functionality, PedComponentChanger create folder/createfile/rename functionality.Show less

A path traversal vulnerability was found in pulpcore. The relative_path_validator function only verifies that content paths do not begin with "/" but fails to block directory traversal sequences such as "../" anywhere in the path. An authenticated administrator can craft a relative_path containing embedded traversal sequences (e.g., "looking/normal/../../../../etc/shadow") that escapes the intended export directory during FilesystemExport operations. Because the file content is also user-controlled (uploaded artifact), this allows arbitrary file write to any location writable by the Pulp service user, potentially leading to service compromise or further system exploitation.Show less

SurrealDB before 3.1.5 contains an arbitrary file read vulnerability in the DEFINE ANALYZER mapper filter that allows database users with EDITOR or OWNER roles to read files accessible to the SurrealDB process. Attackers can specify arbitrary file paths in the mapper filter and retrieve file contents through query error messages when the SURREAL_FILE_ALLOWLIST is empty or not configured.Show less

The All-in-One WP Migration and Backup WordPress plugin before 7.106 does not properly sanitise a user-supplied value before using it to build a file path, allowing unauthenticated attackers to create or append a log file in arbitrary locations outside its intended storage directory.Show less

A flaw has been found in Croogo CMS up to 4.0.7. This affects the function FileManager::isEditable of the file FileManager/src/Utility/FileManager.php of the component Admin File Manager. This manipulation causes path traversal. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.Show less

SurrealDB versions before 2.2.2 contain a local file read vulnerability in the DEFINE ANALYZER statement that allows authenticated users to read arbitrary files on the file system. Attackers with root, namespace, or database level privileges can point analyzers to arbitrary file paths and exfiltrate content from two-column tab-separated files.Show less

Impact: @fastify/http-proxy versions from 9.4.0 up to and including 11.5.0 fail to validate the resolved WebSocket destination path against the configured rewrite prefix. The WebSocket routing path in WebSocketProxy.findUpstream resolves the destination via the WHATWG URL constructor, which collapses dot segments, so a crafted upgrade request with path traversal sequences can escape the rewrite prefix and reach upstream endpoints that were not meant to be exposed by the proxy. This is a variant of CVE-2021-21322 in a code path that never went through the HTTP fix in fastify/reply-from. Exploitation requires a non-normalizing WebSocket client, since browsers and the ws package normalize the request path before sending, but raw HTTP clients or downstream proxies that forward the request target unchanged make the attack reachable in production topologies. Patches: upgrade to @fastify/http-proxy 11.6.0. Workarounds: none.Show less

A vulnerability was detected in halo-dev halo up to 2.24.2. Affected by this vulnerability is the function Download of the file MigrationEndpoint.java of the component Files Backup Endpoint. Performing a manipulation results in path traversal. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.Show less

VMware Avi Load Balancer contains a directory traversal vulnerability. Flaws in file path validation allow malicious, authenticated network users to perform directory traversal attacks. Affected versions: 32.1.1 (fixed in 32.1.2) 31.1.1 through 31.2.2 (fixed in 31.2.2-2p3) 30.1.1 through 30.2.6 (fixed in 30.2.7) 22.1.1 through 22.1.7 (fixed in 30.2.7)Show less

@hapi/inert provides static file and directory handlers for hapi.js. From 4.0.0 to 7.1.0, @hapi/inert serves static files from a directory configured with path in the directory or file handlers or relativeTo for h.file(), with confinement enforced by the confine option, but the confinement check compared the resolved absolute path against the confine directory using a raw string-prefix test, so a sibling directory such as /app/static-secret next to /app/static was incorrectly accepted and could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to read files via /..%2fstatic-secret/secret.txt. This issue is fixed in version 7.1.1.Show less

IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.10.0 Langflow could allow an attacker to write arbitrary files to unintended locations due to improper input validation in the APIRequest component. A path traversal vulnerability exists when the "Save to File" feature is enabled, where filenames extracted from HTTP response Content-Disposition headers are not sanitized before being joined to the temporary directory path. An attacker controlling an external HTTP server can supply crafted filename values containing path traversal sequences (e.g., ../), enabling arbitrary file writes to locations accessible by the Langflow process.Show less

IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.10.0 allows an authenticated attacker to create a malicious flow pointing to an attacker-controlled URL that returns a specially crafted Content-Disposition header (e.g., filename="../../../target/path" ), enabling arbitrary file write operations with attacker-controlled content to any path accessible by the Langflow process.Show less

oras-go is a Go library for managing OCI artifacts. Prior to 2.6.2, ensureLinkPath in content/file/utils.go:262-275 validates a hardlink target relative to the extract base but returns the unresolved target, causing os.Link("victim.secret", "<extract_base>/payload.tar.gz/evil_cwd_link") to resolve header.Linkname against the process current working directory for a Typeflag=TypeLink entry such as Name=payload.tar.gz/evil_cwd_link and Linkname="victim.secret" with io.deis.oras.content.unpack: "true", which can expose or tamper with files such as .env, .git/config, .aws/credentials, and ~/.ssh/config. This issue is fixed in version 2.6.2.Show less

AsyncSSH is a Python package which provides an asynchronous client and server implementation of the SSHv2 protocol on top of the Python asyncio framework. Prior to 2.23.0, AsyncSSH expands the OpenSSH-compatible AuthorizedKeysFile %u token in asyncssh/config.py, asyncssh/connection.py, asyncssh/auth_keys.py, and asyncssh/misc.py with the raw SSH username during pre-authentication server config reload, allowing a server configured with AuthorizedKeysFile authorized_keys/%u to read an authorized-keys file outside the intended directory when the SSH username contains /, \, or .. path traversal segments and authenticate with an attacker-selected key file. This issue is fixed in version 2.23.0.Show less